en Pharmacology Pharmacology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:99%"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:white">Background & Objective:</span></span></span><b> </b></b><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:black">Plant-based remedies have gained growing interest as effective options for managing diabetes and its associated complications. The purpose of this study was to assess the antiyperglycemic and protective properties of an aqueous extract from myrtle (<i>Myrtus communis</i> L.) fruit against the most prevalent diabetes-related complications in rats. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the effects of myrtle fruit extract on diabetes-related complications, including liver and kidney dysfunction, as well as its potential role in pancreatic &beta;-cell regeneration.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:99%"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">&nbsp;Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were treated with varying doses of <i>M. communis</i> L. fruit extract (low, medium, and high) over a period of 3 weeks. Control rats received either no treatment or were administered a standard antidiabetic drug. Key parameters, including oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting blood glucose, two-hour postprandial glucose, insulin levels, lipid profile, and serum biomarkers of liver and kidney function, were measured. Histopathological analysis of the renal, liver, and pancreatic tissues were performed to assess tissue damage and regeneration.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:99%"><b><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:white">Results: </span></span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">The antihyperglycemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective activities of myrtle extract were investigated. Treatment with <i>M. communis</i> L. notably improved both short-term and long-term high blood sugar levels, reduced two-hour post-meal glucose levels, enhanced oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), and increased insulin levels in diabetic rats. Additionally, the extract demonstrated antihyperlipidemic effects and improved both the atherogenic index (AI) and the coronary artery risk index (CRI) in diabetic rats. Also, liver serum biomarkers and kidney dysfunction were attenuated by the extract in diabetic rats. Furthermore, histopathological examination of the liver, kidney, and pancreas confirmed that the corresponding pathological changes were significantly attenuated by myrtle in diabetic rats.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:99%"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:white">Conclusion: </span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="line-height:99%"><span style="color:black">The Current study demonstrates that <i>M. communis</i> L. fruit extract exhibits antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective properties in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These properties may be partly mediated by regenerative processes in the pancreas and increased insulin secretion. Nonetheless, more research is necessary to thoroughly recognize the underlying molecular mechanisms. Limitations of the research include the lack of long-term clinical validation and the need for mechanistic studies to define the role of &beta;-cell regeneration better.</span></span></span></span></span></p> Myrtus communis, pancreatic β-Cells, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hepatoprotective Agents, Antioxidants, Hypoglycemic Agents, Renal Insufficiency 216 228 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7340-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Samin Abbaszadeh samin.abaszadeh@yahoo.com 5200319475328460087407 5200319475328460087407 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Fereshteh Alipour Rajabi fereshtehalipour@yahoo.com 5200319475328460087408 5200319475328460087408 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Mohadeseh Marjani m.marjani1991@gmail.com 5200319475328460087409 5200319475328460087409 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Mohammad Kamalinejad mkamalinejad@yahoo.com 5200319475328460087410 5200319475328460087410 No Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Eskandari eskandarimr@zums.ac.ir 5200319475328460087411 5200319475328460087411 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Sina Andalib andalibs@zums.ac.ir 5200319475328460087412 5200319475328460087412 No Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Shohreh Mohebbi shmohebbi110@gmail.com 5200319475328460087413 5200319475328460087413 No Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Maryam Noubarani noubaranim@zums.ac.ir 5200319475328460087414 5200319475328460087414 Yes Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran