en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine مقاله مروری Review Article <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span aptos="" style="font-family:"><strong>Introduction:</strong><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Childhood leukemia affects not only the diagnosed child but also the psychological and social well-being of siblings, who often experience emotional distress, role changes, and reduced parental attention. Despite increasing qualitative research in this area, a comprehensive synthesis of siblings&rsquo; coping experiences remains limited.<strong><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></strong></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span aptos="" style="font-family:"><b>Objective</b><strong><span style="font-weight:normal">:</span></strong> <span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study aimed to synthesize qualitative evidence regarding the coping experiences, emotional responses, and adaptation processes of siblings of children diagnosed with leukemia throughout the cancer trajectory.</span><strong><span aptos="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></span></strong></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span aptos="" style="font-family:"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A comprehensive search was conducted in five major international electronic databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) as well as three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP) to find qualitative studies published from database inception to January 2025. These studies explore the coping mechanisms of siblings of children with leukemia. The methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI), and the data were analyzed thematically.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><strong>Results:</strong> Four major themes were identified: (1) feelings of exclusion, (2) emotional burden and anxiety, (3) adapting to new family roles, and (4) a sense of life disruption. Support from peers, relatives, and professionals helped mitigate stress and isolation. Many siblings also reported personal growth, including increased empathy and responsibility</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Siblings of children with leukemia experience significant emotional distress and family role changes that affect their well-being and development. Family-centered nursing care, improved communication, psychological assessment, and structured support programs are recommended to enhance their adjustment and mental health</span></span></span> Leukemia, Siblings, Psychosocial Support, Metasynthesis, Qualitative Research 31 31 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4253-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Jalal Nourmohammadi jalal_nurse@yahoo.com 5200319475328460089055 5200319475328460089055 Yes Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran