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Mohammad Hossein Alijani1 
, Farzin Sadeghi2 , Sahar Sadr Moharerpour3 , Ali Hasanzadeh4 , Mohsen Mohammadi5 , Zeinab Vosough6 , Hossein Ghorbani *7
, Farzin Sadeghi2 , Sahar Sadr Moharerpour3 , Ali Hasanzadeh4 , Mohsen Mohammadi5 , Zeinab Vosough6 , Hossein Ghorbani *7
1- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol,
2- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
3- Clinical Research Development Center, Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
4- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
5- Non-Communicable Pediatric Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
6- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
7- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol ,Ghorbani.serita1403@gmail.com
2- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
3- Clinical Research Development Center, Amirkola Children's Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
4- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
5- Non-Communicable Pediatric Disease Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
6- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
7- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol ,
Abstract: (19 Views)
Background and Objectives: Co-infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and either respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or influenza virus may increase disease severity in children compared with single infections. In the present study, frequency of SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and Influenza virus infections and co-infections was examined and compared with the patients' laboratory and clinical characteristics.
Materials and Methods: Three hundred thirty-seven upper respiratory swab samples were obtained from hospitalized pediatric patients. Multiplex real-time RT-PCR was utilized as a diagnostic technique to identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and the Influenza virus. The comparison of SARS-CoV2, RSV and influenza virus-positive groups were done by considering symptoms, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings
Results: SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza virus were detected in 18 (5.3%), 9 (2.7%), and 34 (10.1%) of the 337 hospitalized children. Three cases of influenza virus and RSV mixed infection were found, and one case of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus co-infection was found. Fever in the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 positive groups was substantially greater than in the RSV positive group in terms of symptoms upon hospital admission (p = 0.024). Additionally, compared to RSV and influenza virus-positive groups, a significantly larger proportion of cases in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group reported fatigue (p = 0.032).
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2/Influenza virus co-infection and RSV/Influenza mixed infection cases exhibited minor respiratory symptoms, as did the all-respiratory viral co-infected patients. In our cohort, all four patients with respiratory viral co-infections (one SARS-CoV-2/Influenza and three RSV/Influenza) presented with mild respiratory disease, similar to the majority of single-infected cases.
Materials and Methods: Three hundred thirty-seven upper respiratory swab samples were obtained from hospitalized pediatric patients. Multiplex real-time RT-PCR was utilized as a diagnostic technique to identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and the Influenza virus. The comparison of SARS-CoV2, RSV and influenza virus-positive groups were done by considering symptoms, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings
Results: SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza virus were detected in 18 (5.3%), 9 (2.7%), and 34 (10.1%) of the 337 hospitalized children. Three cases of influenza virus and RSV mixed infection were found, and one case of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus co-infection was found. Fever in the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 positive groups was substantially greater than in the RSV positive group in terms of symptoms upon hospital admission (p = 0.024). Additionally, compared to RSV and influenza virus-positive groups, a significantly larger proportion of cases in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group reported fatigue (p = 0.032).
Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2/Influenza virus co-infection and RSV/Influenza mixed infection cases exhibited minor respiratory symptoms, as did the all-respiratory viral co-infected patients. In our cohort, all four patients with respiratory viral co-infections (one SARS-CoV-2/Influenza and three RSV/Influenza) presented with mild respiratory disease, similar to the majority of single-infected cases.
Keywords: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Respiratory syncytial virus, Influenza virus, co-infection, Pediatric
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Medical Biology
Received: 2025/05/29 | Accepted: 2026/05/25
Received: 2025/05/29 | Accepted: 2026/05/25
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