other مقایسه‌ی اثربخشی درمان EEG بیوفیدبک با دارو درمانی و درمان فراشناختی درکاهش علایم افراد مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Background and Objective</em></strong>:</span> Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most common psychological disorders characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry and it has ahigh comorbidity with other anxiety disorders and depression. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of metacognitive therapy (MCT), pharmacotherapy and neurofeedback treatment in treating Iranian patients with GAD.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Methods and Materials</em></strong><strong>:</strong></span> 42 outpatients meeting DSM-5 criteria for GAD who had been referred to Sohravardi clinical psychology and psychiatry center in the city of&nbsp; Zanjan were chosen on the basis of convenient sampling and were randomly assigned into three treatment groups: metacognitive therapy (n=14), pharmacotherapy (n=14) and neurofeedback treatment (n=14). All patients in each group were treated for 8 weeks. The General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was administered blindly Pre and Post intervention.Alpha brain waves in the occipital area (O1 and O2) using neurofeedback (pro-comp-5) were registered Pretest and Posttest. Throughout the research, 36 patients remained in the study while 6 patients forfeited. The results were analyzed using ANCOVA, ANOVA, Kolmogorov&ndash;Smirnov test, ANOVA with repeated measures and post hoc test.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Results</em></strong>:</span> The ANCOVA and post hoc results showed that neurofeedback, MCT and pharmacotherapy led to significant improvements in GAD-7. Also regarding alpha amplitude enhancement, the results indicated that neurofeedback led to a more significant increase when compared to MCT and pharmacotherapy.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong></span>It seems that neurofeedback is more effective than MCT and pharmacotherapy for the treatment of GAD and the results of this study confirm the effectiveness of O1-O2 protocol (alpha brain wave amplitude increase) in GAD symptoms severity improvement.</span></span></p> General Anxiety Disorder, Metacognitive therapy, Pharmacotherapy, Neurofeedback 57 73 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4-1096&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Mohsen Dadashi محسن داداشی 5200319475328460049786 5200319475328460049786 No Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران Farhad Taremian فرهاد طارمیان 5200319475328460049787 5200319475328460049787 No Dept.of Clinical Psychology, Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، ایران Saeid Momtazi سعید ممتازی 5200319475328460049788 5200319475328460049788 No Dept. of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران Mahdi Khani مهدی خانی 5200319475328460049789 5200319475328460049789 No Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران Zakaria Eskandari ذکریا اسکندری 5200319475328460049790 5200319475328460049790 No Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران Alireza Armani Kian علیرضا آرمانی کیان 5200319475328460049791 5200319475328460049791 No Dept. of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران Behrouz Birashk بهروز بیرشک 5200319475328460049792 5200319475328460049792 Yes Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران