en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Background and Objective:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span style="line-height:106%"><span style="line-height:106%">C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12; known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 [SDF-1]) and its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) are 2 pairs studied in breast cancer metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of CXCL4 and CXCL12 gene polymorphisms and the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with metastatic breast cancer under chemotherapy.</span></span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Materials and Methods:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span style="line-height:106%"><span style="line-height:106%">Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples of 30 patients with metastatic breast cancer and 30 control samples. The polymorphisms of CXCL12 and CXCR4 were detected using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system&ndash;polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS&ndash;PCR) method. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 20 with a 95% CI.</span></span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Results:</span></span></strong>&nbsp;<span style="line-height:106%"><span style="line-height:106%">The mean age of the patients was 50 years, and the average age of the healthy subjects was 41.23 years. The disease was diagnosed in 63.33% of the cases before menopause and in 36.66% after menopause. Also, 73.32% of patients showed metastatic signs 3-6 years after primary chemotherapy, and 63.33% of all patients had a grade III tumor. There was a significant relationship between the time of relapse after chemotherapy and the occurrence of polymorphisms (<i>P</i> = 0.001), between age and incidence (<i>P</i> = 0.02), and between menopausal age and incidence (<i>P</i> = 0.07).</span></span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Conclusion:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span style="line-height:106%"><span style="line-height:106%">No significant correlation was found between the occurrence of mutant alleles of CXCL12 and CXCR4 polymorphisms and breast cancer. The relapse of the disease after chemotherapy and the age of menopause are associated with the occurrence of polymorphisms. However, further studies are needed to confirm the results.</span></span></span></span></p> Breast cancer, Metastasis, Chemotherapy, CXCL12, CXCR4 133 143 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3351-4&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Zhaleh Karimi Moghaddam zhkarimi@zums.ac.ir 5200319475328460075812 5200319475328460075812 No Dept. of Radiation Oncology,Vali-e-Asr Hospital,School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Bahareh Ekrami Bahareh.ekrami93@gmail.com 5200319475328460075813 5200319475328460075813 No Dept. of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran Golnaz Asaadi Tehrani Drgolnazasaadi@gmail.com 5200319475328460075814 5200319475328460075814 Yes Dept. of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran