en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Background & Objective:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><i><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-size:9.0pt"> is one of the most important public health risks as it causes many forms of infection. Treatment options for infections caused by this pathogen are limited due to the development of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance patterns in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strains.</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>&nbsp;</b><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black">In this cross-sectional study conducted between 2020 and 2023, 348 <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> specimens </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">were isolated </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black">from clinical </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">samples</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black"> at Aliebne Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan, Iran. </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Following the identification of the strains, their antibiotic resistance to eight antibiotics was assessed by the disk diffusion method based on </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt">2022, and the MRSA isolates were screened. Additionally, Vancomycin&#39;s MIC was evaluated using the E-test. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test using SPSS, version 16 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA). </span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;<span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Results: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">Of the 348 isolated <i>S. aureus</i> strains (171 from males and 177 from females), 163 (50%) were from blood cultures, and 53 (15.2%) were from tracheal samples. The strains showed the highest resistance to erythromycin (77.9%) and penicillin (100%). The samples had the lowest resistance to cotrimoxazole (36.2%) and nitrofurantoin (29.6%). Additionally, all strains were susceptible to vancomycin.<span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt">In this study, 76% and 30% of the examined strains could be classified as MDR and XDR, respectively. There was no significant association between age, gender, and MRSA infection (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b>&nbsp;</b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Conclusion: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt">In this study, cotrimoxazole showed considerable activity against MRSA strains. Moreover, since all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, this antibiotic could be the primary treatment choice. The high prevalence of MDR strains is a significant cause for concern. <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; Antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA 127 134 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6651-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mojdeh Jahantigh mojdehjahantigh001@gmail.com 5200319475328460089302 5200319475328460089302 Yes Infectious diseases and tropical medicine research center, Zahedan university of medical sciences Zakaria Bameri zakariabameri@yahoo.com 5200319475328460089303 5200319475328460089303 No Infectious diseases and tropical medicine research center, Zahedan university of medical sciences