en Health Improvement Strategies Health Improvement Strategies گزارش موردی Case Report Article <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="background:white"><span style="color:#212121">Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is not common in immunocompetent patient. This study is a case report of a 60-year-old man with no evidence of immunocompromised history, who died from CMV-associated encephalitis. The patient presented with a 5-month headache whose pattern and severity changed in the past few days, coffee ground vomiting, and three times seizure. The condition caused his level of consciousness to decrease, he didn&rsquo;t respond to the primary empirical treatment, and the primary paraclinical work up had no specific findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed normal pressure hydrocephalus, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis had aseptic pattern, blood culture was negative, and CSF culture was negative too. After that multiplex </span></span><span style="color:#212121">polymerase chain reaction<span style="background:white"> (PCR) was done on the CSF, which was positive for CMV. Foscarnet therapy was initiated for the patient, but it was too late, and the patient did not respond to these treatments. Finally, the patient died. It is too important to diagnose these conditions and initiate therapy as </span></span><span style="background:white">soon as possible.</span></span></span><br> &nbsp; PCR, Cytomegalovirus, Encephalitis 235 239 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5907-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Amirhossein Abdoli Amirhosseinabdoli97@gmail.com 5200319475328460089439 5200319475328460089439 No Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Ahmad Najafi a.najafi1975@yahoo.com 5200319475328460089440 5200319475328460089440 No Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mohammad kazem Sayyah hamed.pahlevani88@gmail.com 5200319475328460089441 5200319475328460089441 No Department of Infectious Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Sareh Bagheri-Josheghani bagheri.sa41@gmail.com 5200319475328460089442 5200319475328460089442 No Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Maedeh Najafizadeh Dr.maedeh.najafizadeh@gmail.com 5200319475328460089443 5200319475328460089443 Yes Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran