en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine کارآزمایی بالینی Clinical Trials <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Background & Objective:</span></span><b> </b></b><span style="color:black">The effect of vitamin A and Corticosteroids in reducing kidney scars in children with acute Pyelonephritis (PN).</span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">&nbsp;Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Forty-five children with </span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">PN</span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> were assigned to three groups of vitamin A (n= 15), Corticosteroid (n= 15) and placebo (n= 15). In addition to standard treatment for all patients, the first group received vitamin A once daily with 25,000 units for children under one year and 50,000 units for one year of age and older children during three days of hospitalization intravenously. The second group received </span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Corticosteroids </span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">(dexamethasone) daily 0.15 mg/kg/day in two divided intravenous doses (25) during three days of hospitalization. The placebo group received normal saline as an injection. Follow-up continued for six months</span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">. </span></span><br> <b><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Results: </span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">The recovery rate of abnormal lesions in the vitamin A, Corticosteroid and placebo groups was 46.7%, 6.7% and 26.7% respectively (P-Value=0.016).</span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> Also, </span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">the results of </span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) before and after</span></span></span> <span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">intervention</span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> was statistically significant only for the group receiving vitamin A, so that 46.7% of the total 66.7% patients with abnormal lesions in the first </span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">99mTc-DMSA </span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">scan had improved after the intervention in the the second </span></span><span lang="EN"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">99mTc-DMSA</span></span></span><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> scan (P-Value =0.001).</span></span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Conclusion: </span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black">Vitamin A may be effective in reducing kidney scars in children with APN.</span></span></span></p> Kidney Scar, Pyelonephritis, Corticosteroid, Vitamin A, Clinical Trial Study 164 171 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7024-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Abolhassan Seyedzadeh asayedzadeh@kums.ac.ir 5200319475328460084331 5200319475328460084331 No Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Dr. Kermanshahi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mohammad Reza Tohidi tohidimohamadreza@yahoo.com 5200319475328460084332 5200319475328460084332 No Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mehrnoosh Mohammadi Kamalvand mehrnoshmohammadi.k67@gmail.com 5200319475328460084333 0009-0009-8835-8923 Yes Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran