en Medical Biology Medical Biology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Background & Objective:</span></span><b> </b></b>Metastasis represents the primary contributor to mortality associated with cancer. Traditionally, <i>Pistacia khinjuk</i> has been utilized for addressing various ailments. Considering the reported anticancer effects of <i>Pistacia Khinjuk</i>, this research seeks to explore the anti-metastatic properties of the hydroalcoholic extract derived from this indigenous Iranian herb on prostate and breast cancer cells.<br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">&nbsp;Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Hydroalcoholic extract was prepared, and its cytotoxicity was tested. The extract&#39;s impact on the migration, invasion, and adhesion capabilities was analyzed. Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 secretions were evaluated. Also, metastatic-related gene expression levels were assessed. </span></span><br> <b><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Results: </span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">After 24, 48, 72, and 96 hrs, the extract decreased the cancer cells viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Notably, breast cancer cells demonstrated greater sensitivity to the extract&#39;s cytotoxic effects than prostate cancer cells. After 24 hrs of treatment with half-maximal inhibitory concentration, there was a significant reduction in the cell migration, invasion, and adhesion capabilities (p<0.05). Additionally, matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 levels were reduced. Also, the extract significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, urokinase, and urokinase receptorg genes expression (p<0.05). Conversely, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and -2 gene expression levels significantly increased (p<0.05).</span></span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Conclusion: </span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black">Altogether, <i>Pistacia khinjuk</i> leaves hydroalcoholic extract had cytotoxic effects on breast and prostate cancer cells and reduced the metastasis potential.</span></span></span></p> Metastasis, Hydroalcoholic Extract, Pistacia Khinjuk 114 124 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7051-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Fuzieh Khani-Hemmatabadi fuziekhani@yahoo.com 5200319475328460084300 5200319475328460084300 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Iraj Rashidi iraj570@yahoo.com 5200319475328460084301 5200319475328460084301 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Ali Ghanbari aligharak@yahoo.com 5200319475328460084302 5200319475328460084302 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mona Pazhouhi mona.pazhouhi@gmail.com 5200319475328460084303 5200319475328460084303 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mohsen Zhaleh zhaleh.mohsen@gmail.com 5200319475328460084304 5200319475328460084304 Yes Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Erfan Rostami erfan295@gmail.com 5200319475328460084305 0009-0004-4358-3995 No Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Reza Taravideh pteravideh@gmail.com 5200319475328460084306 5200319475328460084306 No Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran