en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine نامه به سردبیر Letter to the Editor <span style="font-size:10pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">Iran&#39;s diverse ethnic groups contribute to a unique genetic landscape, impacted by the high rate of consanguineous marriages and the prevalence of common mutation carriers. This leads to a higher incidence of autosomal recessive diseases, including congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), non-syndromic hearing loss, beta-thalassemia, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and long QT syndrome (LQT). Common mutations causing these disorders vary across regions and ethnicities, emphasizing the need for tailored genetic screening programs. Advances in molecular diagnostics, like Next-Generation Sequencing and Whole Exome Sequencing, improve early detection and management of these conditions. National genetic screening programs have reduced beta-thalassemia incidence and are essential for informed reproductive decisions. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive public health strategies to tackle genetic disease burdens across Iran&rsquo;s communities.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Iran,Consanguinity,Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), Beta-thalassemia,Hearing loss,Genetic screening 240 243 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7153-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Nejat Mahdieh nmahdieh@yahoo.com 5200319475328460086654 5200319475328460086654 Yes Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran