Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research

en Correlation of PSA Levels with Inflammatory and Hematological Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article Background & Objective:  Differentiating prostate cancer (PC) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains clinically challenging due to overlapping symptoms and biomarker alterations. This study compared biochemical, hematological, and inflammatory markers between the two conditions to assess their potential diagnostic value.  Materials & Methods:  A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients with PC and 120 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The measurement of biochemical parameters included complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and total and free prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The process involved statistical comparisons, ROC analysis, and correlation tests. Results:  Compared to BPH, patients with PC had significantly higher PSA (free and total), CRP, and lymphocyte counts (all p < 0.05). Despite the diagnostic utility of PSA and inflammatory markers (AUCs 0.68–0.80), hematological parameters in isolation were not strong discriminators (AUCs < 0.50), and a combined biomarker strategy would be more effective in clinical discrimination. Conclusion:  Detection of PC from BPH can be more accurately achieved by assessing elevated free and total PSA levels, along with increased systemic inflammation, as indicated by CRP. The independent discriminant value of hematologic parameters is limited despite significant differences between groups. A combination of PSA and inflammatory markers in a two-biomarker strategy can improve clinical discrimination and reduce inappropriate therapy.   PSA, BPH, prostate cancer, CRP, ESR, NLR, PLR 146 155 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5630-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hayder Ahmed Sahar Algburi hayder1261998@gmail.com 5200319475328460090076 5200319475328460090076 No Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Ahmad Deylami 5200319475328460090077 0009-0000-2523-4653 No Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Hadis Musavi 5200319475328460090078 0009-0000-2523-4653 No Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Hossein Mokhtari 5200319475328460090079 5200319475328460090079 No Amol Faculty of Paramedicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Neda Masoumi Qajari 5200319475328460090080 0009-0004-8523-0856 No Department of Genetic biology, Tonekabon Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran Fatemeh Lotfi Asrami 5200319475328460090081 0009-0004-5185-3318 No Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, Genetics and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran Abbas Khonakdar 5200319475328460090082 5200319475328460090082 Yes Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran