en Life Science Life Science مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background: <span style="background:yellow">Cancer remains a major global health challenge, and its development is closely associated with oxidative stress and chronic inflammation.</span> Rosa canina (wild rose) has been traditionally used in Iranian medicine for its therapeutic properties, however, its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties have not been comprehensively investigated. In this experimental study, the hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa canina fruit was evaluated for its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods: Phytochemical screening, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and condensed tannins (CTC) were determined spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The cytotoxic effects were tested on HeLa, Hep3B, and HCT116 cancer cell lines using the MTT assay, while anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated on RAW 264.7 macrophages through nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&alpha;) assays.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results: The extract showed high levels of alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. It demonstrated strong, concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in both DPPH and ABTS assays (p<0.05). Cell viability of cancer lines significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner, while the production of NO, PGE2, and TNF-&alpha; in LPS-stimulated macrophages was significantly inhibited (p<0.05).</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: These findings suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Rosa canina fruit possesses remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, which may be attributed to its rich polyphenolic and flavonoid composition. Further studies, including in vivo investigations, are warranted to confirm its therapeutic potential against cancer and inflammatory diseases.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Rosa canina, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, Polyphenols, Flavonoids 49 49 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7428-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Javid Nouri nourijavid1@gmail.com 5200319475328460090451 5200319475328460090451 Yes Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Hossein Jahangard hosseinjahangard@gmail.com 5200319475328460090452 5200319475328460090452 No Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Mona Pazhouhi mona.pazhouhi@gmail.com 5200319475328460090453 5200319475328460090453 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Cyrus Jalili cjalili@gmail.com 5200319475328460090454 5200319475328460090454 No Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Houshang Nemati hnemati@kums.ac.ir 5200319475328460090455 5200319475328460090455 No Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Davood Rezazadeh davoodrez@gmail.com 5200319475328460090456 5200319475328460090456 No Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran