en Life Science Life Science مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><b>Background and Objective:</b> High-fat diet (HFD) is considered one of the main risk factors for ischemic stroke. Improving antioxidant defense and lipid profile through plant-based antioxidant compounds may help mitigate the adverse outcomes of ischemia and HFD. Since <i>Salvia officinalis</i> (sage) contains potent antioxidant compounds, the aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of <i>Salvia officinalis</i> (ESO) by evaluating its effects on antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation, brain edema, infarct volume, and serum lipid profile in a rat model of cerebral ischemia following a high-fat diet.<br> <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Adult male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into eight groups. Animals received either a normal diet or a high-fat diet for eight weeks, followed by treatment with ESO or vehicle for four weeks. Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Brain edema (brain water content), infarct volume (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride [TTC] staining), antioxidant enzyme activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using standard biochemical methods.<br> <b>Results:</b> The findings showed that ESO treatment significantly reduced MDA levels, brain water content, infarct volume, and serum lipid levels. At the same time, antioxidant activity was significantly increased compared with the untreated groups.<br> <b>Conclusion:</b> These results suggest that ESO can improve antioxidant defense and decrease lipid peroxidation in ischemic conditions. Therefore, it may protect brain cells against oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia and could be considered a potential natural therapeutic agent for cerebral ischemia associated with dyslipidemia.</span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> Salvia officinalis, High-Fat Diet, Cerebral Ischemia, Antioxidants, Lipid Peroxidation 55 55 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7526-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Elham Ghasemloo e.ghasemlou@cfu.ac.ir No Meysam Forouzandeh foroozandeh.meysam67@gmail.com No Mahdiyeh Harati sadegh m.harati@cfu.ac.ir No Hossein Mostafavi mostafavih@zums.ac.ir No Ali Rostami rostami@zums.ac.ir Yes