Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research

en Assessment of the Protective Effect of Rosemary Leaves Extract Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by Cypermethrin in Male Rabbits Medical Biology Medical Biology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article Background & Objective: Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) is widely used in the daily diet and has recently gained increasing attention for its medicinal and pharmacological properties, particularly its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Cypermethrin (CYP) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that induces oxidative stress and inflammation in biological systems. This study aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy of rosemary leaf extract against cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and neurotoxicity in male rabbits.  Materials & Methods: Forty male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 each).Group 1 (control): received 1 mL of corn oil. Group 2 (CYP): orally administered CYP at 66.5 mg/kg b.w (1/10 LD50).Group 3: received rosemary extract (100 mg/kg) + CYP (66.5 mg/kg).Group 4: received rosemary extract (200 mg/kg) + CYP (66.5 mg/kg). All treatments were administered orally once daily for five weeks. Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were measured. Results:  CYP exposure significantly increased MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and decreased TAC and AChE activity compared to the control group, indicating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and neurotoxicity. Co-administration of rosemary extract with CYP resulted in a significant reduction in MDA and inflammatory cytokines, along with a marked increase in TAC and AChE levels compared to the CYP-only group. Conclusion:  The findings demonstrate that Rosmarinus officinalis possesses potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Rosemary extract effectively mitigated cypermethrin-induced oxidative damage, inflammation, and cholinesterase inhibition in male rabbits. Rosmarinus Officinalis, Cypermethrin, Oxidative Stress, TNF-α, IL-6, TAC, AChE 61 67 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7418-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shireen Ali Hasan shireenalihasan@utq.edu.iq 0000-0003-4426-2240 Yes Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq Ahlam A. Al Rikaby Ahalamabdulnabi@uobasrah.edu.iq 0000-0002-1603-0568 No Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq