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Background and objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common diagnosis and the second most lethal malignancy worldwide. In CRC, similar to other malignancies, metastases are the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Ziziphora clinopodioides belongs to the mint family (Lamiaceae) and shows the anticancer effect. The present study was conducted to investigate this plant extract's effects on CRC cells' metastases power.
Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides was prepared. The effect of the extract on CRC cells (SW742) viability was tested using MTT assay. The IC50 values were calculated using GraphPad PRISM software. Cytotoxicity of the extract was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release assay. Then, cell migration, invasion, and adhesion assay were performed. Finally, gene expression analysis was done using Real-time PCR.
Results: Treatment with extract reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values of the extract were 760.59 ± 32.45, 395.16 ± 12.85, 241.87 ± 27.77, and 11.05 ± 11.05 for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr. The migration, invasion, and adhesion potentials of the cells were significantly reduced after 24 hr treatment with the IC50 concentration of extract (p<0.05). Also, IC50 concentration of extract significantly decreased MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, and uPAR expression (p<0.05), and significantly increased TIMP-2 expression after 24 hr treatment (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides reduced the survival of CRC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. It also showed antimetastatic activity and changed the expression of genes involved in cell metastasis.
Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides was prepared. The effect of the extract on CRC cells (SW742) viability was tested using MTT assay. The IC50 values were calculated using GraphPad PRISM software. Cytotoxicity of the extract was measured by lactate dehydrogenase release assay. Then, cell migration, invasion, and adhesion assay were performed. Finally, gene expression analysis was done using Real-time PCR.
Results: Treatment with extract reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values of the extract were 760.59 ± 32.45, 395.16 ± 12.85, 241.87 ± 27.77, and 11.05 ± 11.05 for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr. The migration, invasion, and adhesion potentials of the cells were significantly reduced after 24 hr treatment with the IC50 concentration of extract (p<0.05). Also, IC50 concentration of extract significantly decreased MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, and uPAR expression (p<0.05), and significantly increased TIMP-2 expression after 24 hr treatment (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides reduced the survival of CRC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. It also showed antimetastatic activity and changed the expression of genes involved in cell metastasis.
فهرست منابع
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