en مقایسه الگوی مقاومت میکروبی بیمارستانی در مقابل عفونت‌های اکتسابی کودکان Medical Laboratory and Animal Investigation Medical Laboratory and Animal Investigation مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:times new roman;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="color:#008080;"><strong>Background & Objective:</strong></span> Nosocomial infection is one of the most daunting challenges to the global health care system. The current study aimed to compare the antimicrobial resistance pattern in hospital versus community-acquired infections in pediatric patients in Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong>Materials & Methods:</strong></span> The current study was carried out on all patients with a hospital-acquired infection (HAI) who were hospitalized in Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, for 48 hours. Moreover, patients with community-acquired infections (who had an infection before hospitalization) were also included in the current study. E-test and Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test were utilized to determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns according to the report test/CLSI M100/S27 guidelines. Antibiotic resistance patterns in both patients with hospital and community-acquired infections were separately recorded. Subsequently, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 16.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong>Results: </strong></span>A number of 43 and 68 patients showed HAI and CAI, respectively. The most common HAI and CAI were blood-stream infection and urinary tract infection (UTI) with a prevalence of 69.8%, and 73.5%, respectively. The most frequent organisms isolated from CA and HA-infections were <em>E. coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> with a prevalence of 67.9%, and 30.2%, respectively. The highest level of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria was observed against cotrimoxazole and ceftriaxone. Furthermore, the highest resistance in Gram-positive organisms was against clindamycin. The prevalence rates of MRSA isolates in HAI and CAI were reported as 46.2% and 36.9%, respectively.<br> <span style="color:#008080;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong></span>The obtained results indicated the high resistance to several antibiotics that can be used as promising choices in the treatment of both CA and HA-infections. It is recommended that region-specific monitoring studies be carried out in order to assist the clinician to select the accurate empirical therapy. </span></span></p> Community-acquired infection, Drug resistance, Nosocomial infection, Pediatric 1 8 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4378-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mojtaba Hedayat Yaghoobi مجتبی هدایت یعقوبی hyaghooby@razi.tums.ac.ir 5200319475328460052969 5200319475328460052969 No Dept. of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Pezhman Karami پژمان کریمی Pezhman.Karami@gmail.com 5200319475328460052970 5200319475328460052970 No Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Azad Khaledi آزاد خالدی Azad.khaledi25@yahoo.co 5200319475328460052971 5200319475328460052971 No Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Elahe Rafie الهه رافعی Elaherafieeee@gmail.com 5200319475328460052972 5200319475328460052972 No Student Researches Committee, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Mohammadmahdi Sabahi mmsabahi1996@gmail.com 5200319475328460052973 5200319475328460052973 No Student Researches Committee, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Behzad Habibipour بهزاد حبیبی‌پور behzad.hab@yahoo.com 5200319475328460052974 5200319475328460052974 No Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Farshid Rahimi- Bashar فرشید رحیمی بشر fr_rahimibashar@yahoo.com 5200319475328460052975 5200319475328460052975 No Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Iraj Sedighi doctorsedighi@yahoo.com 5200319475328460052976 5200319475328460052976 Yes Dept. of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran