en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine گزارش موردی Case Report Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Autoimmune myelofibrosis (AIMF) is considered as an infrequent cause of bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) and a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Due to its rarity, it is mistakenly diagnosed as primary myelofibrosis (MF).<br> We describe the clinicopathologic features of a secondary form of AIMF in a 33- year- old female patient with an undiagnosed SLE which presented with acute bicytopenia. Absence of splenomegaly, leukopenia, anemia, BMF (grade MF-1), and presence of autoantibodies were some of noticeable features. Treatment with corticosteroid led to complete regeneration of the bone marrow and subsequently to an improved hematological status. Six- month follow-up showed that the patient was in good clinical condition.<br> Identification of AIMF is a diagnostic challenge and pitfall and it is actually a diagnosis of exclusion. It could be the first and only presenting feature of SLE and results in hematologic disturbances. So, we should consider SLE-associated AIMF in the differential diagnosis of pancytopenia.</span></span></p> Autoimmune diseases, Primary Myelofibrosis, Fibrosis, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic 190 195 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5689-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahdieh Rajabi-Moghaddam rajabimmh@gmail.com 5200319475328460073443 5200319475328460073443 No Dept. of Pathology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Gholamali Sarparast abbaszadehbidokhty@gmail.com 5200319475328460073444 5200319475328460073444 No Dept. of Hematology and Oncology, Iranmehr Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Hamid Abbaszadeh hamidabbaszade@yahoo.com 5200319475328460073445 5200319475328460073445 Yes Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran