en Medical Biology Medical Biology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Background and Objective:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span new="" roman="" times="">Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections in children worldwide and </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">Escherichia coli</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> is the main pathogen that can cause UTI. The current study aims to investigate the antibacterial susceptibility pattern, biofilm production, and determine the frequency of </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">afa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> and </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">sfa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> genes in </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">E. coli</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> strains isolated from pediatrics with UTI from 2018 to 2019 in Hamadan, Iran.</span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Materials and Methods:</span></span> </strong><span new="" roman="" times="">In this cross-sectional study, 112 </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">E. coli</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> strains were collected from children with UTI. Disc diffusion method was performed to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. The PCR was used to detect the existence of </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">afa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> and </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">sfa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> genes. A microtiter plate assay was performed to test the biofilm production ability.</span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Results:</span></span> </strong><span new="" roman="" times="">81 (72.32%) of the 112 E. coli strains isolated from UTI samples were positive for biofilm development (22.2% strong, 33.3% moderate, and 44.4% weak). The </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">afa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> and </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">sfa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> genes were detected in 29.4% and 49.1% of the isolates, respectively. Most isolates were resistant to cephalothin (76.79%) and sensitive to imipenem and meropenem (100%).</span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Conclusion:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span new="" roman="" times="">The </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">afa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> and </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">sfa</em><span new="" roman="" times=""> genes have a significant correlation with strong biofilm formation in uropathogenic </span><em new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times="">E. coli </em><span new="" roman="" times="">(UPEC).</span></span></span></p> Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Drug Resistance, Biofilm, afa and sfa genes, Urinary Tract Infection 47 53 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1508-3&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Rezvan Goodarzi rezvan.Goodarzi369@gmail.com 5200319475328460066855 5200319475328460066855 No Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Rasoul Yousefimashouf yousefimash@yahoo.com 5200319475328460066856 5200319475328460066856 No Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Iraj Sedighi doctorsedighi@yahoo.com 5200319475328460066857 5200319475328460066857 No Dept. of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Abbas Moradi a.moradi@umsha.ac.ir 5200319475328460066858 5200319475328460066858 No Dept. of Community Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Fatemeh Nouri fatemenouri1@gmail.com 5200319475328460066859 5200319475328460066859 No Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Mohammad Taheri motaheri360@gmail.com 5200319475328460066860 5200319475328460066860 Yes Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran