en Clinical Medicine Clinical Medicine مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Background and Objective:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span style="line-height:150%">Since the distribution of HBV genotypes in patients with hepatitis B indicates the predominant genotypes in specific geographical area, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of S gene mutations in high-risk children with maternal HBV in southeastern Iran.</span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Materials and Methods:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span style="line-height:150%">This cross-sectional prospective study was performed from March 2019 to March 2020<b>.</b> We studied 26 patients infected with hepatitis B virus through vertical route.<em><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt; background:white; padding:0mm"> Serological markers of HBV </span></em><span style="background:white">were tested for HBs Ag, anti-HBs, HBe Ag, anti-HBe, and anti-HBc through ELISA</span><b>.</b> HBV-positive DNA-HBV samples were examined by nested PCR<b>.</b> The correlation between categorical variables was estimated using Spearmen correlation coefficient.&nbsp; All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 22 software.</span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Results:</span></span></strong>&nbsp;<span style="line-height:150%">Our study showed that no S gene mutation occurred in studied children. However, 4 (15.4%) of the children were HBe Ag positive, while the frequency of positive HBe antibody positive in the serum of children was 18 (69.2%).</span><br> <strong new="" roman="" style="font-family: " times=""><span style="color:#ffffff;"><span style="background-color:#16a085;">Conclusion:</span></span>&nbsp;</strong><span style="line-height:150%">In general, since different types of Pre-S / S variants are predominantly identified in patients with chronic HBV that can affect the progression of liver disease, it is therefore necessary to evaluate the types of Pre-S / S variants regularly in HBV. Carriers should be identified to help discover people at higher risk for liver disease. Our study, as a single center study in southeastern Iran, indicated no mutation in this gene in hepatitis B patients.</span></span></span></p> Mutation, Hepatitis B, HBV, Children 57 63 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6162-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Iraj Shahramian irajshahramian@gmail.com 5200319475328460074773 5200319475328460074773 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Pouya Ostadrahimi masi.taha@yahoo.com 5200319475328460074774 5200319475328460074774 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Mahboobeh Sheikh masii.tahha@yahoo.com 5200319475328460074775 5200319475328460074775 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Somayeh Nazari somayyehh.zazzarii@gmail.com 5200319475328460074776 5200319475328460074776 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Hadi Mirzarie hadii.mirzzaeiii@gmail.com 5200319475328460074777 5200319475328460074777 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Abdolvahab Moradi ab.mooraadii@gmail.com 5200319475328460074778 5200319475328460074778 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Alireza Aminisefat alitrza.aminiisefattt@gmail.com 5200319475328460074779 5200319475328460074779 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Ali Bazi m.baziialii@gmail.com 5200319475328460074780 5200319475328460074780 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Feteme Parooie fatemeparooie@gmail.com 5200319475328460074781 5200319475328460074781 Yes Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Masoud Tahani masood.tahani@gmail.com 5200319475328460074782 5200319475328460074782 No Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran