en Medical Biology Medical Biology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Background & Objective:</span></span><b> </b></b><span style="color:black">Anemia is the most common maternal health problem during pregnancy. It is associated with various physiological changes, including metabolic and hematological alterations. This study aimed to explore the relationship between anemia and selected clinical parameters in pregnant women, and to assess how age and body mass index (BMI) influence hematological and biochemical indices.</span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">&nbsp;Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">The study was conducted at Al-Hakim Hospital and affiliated medical clinics between June and September 2025. A total of 80 pregnant women aged 25&ndash;35 years were enrolled and divided into three groups: Group 1 (Control), 40 non-anemic pregnant women aged 25&ndash;35 years. Group 2, 20 anemic pregnant women aged 25&ndash;30 years and Group 3, 20 anemic pregnant women aged 30&ndash;35 years. Data were expressed as mean &plusmn; standard deviation (SD) and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey&rsquo;s HSD test, with statistical significance set at p &le; 0.05.</span></span><br> <b><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Results: </span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Compared to the control group, anemic women showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC), platelet count (PLT), calcium (Ca), and vitamin D levels, while white blood cell count (WBC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were significantly increased. A positive association was found between BMI and anemia, with 49% of anemic women classified as obese (BMI 30&ndash;39.9) and 26% as overweight.</span></span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Conclusion: </span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black">This study highlights notable alterations in complete blood count (CBC), biochemical markers, and BMI among some of pregnant women in Maysan, Iraq. Anemia represents a hematological disorder linked to systemic metabolic imbalances influenced by inflammation, nutrient deficiencies, and obesity. Routine screening for Hb, RBC, FBG, Ca, and vitamin D₃ is strongly recommended during pregnancy to enable early detection and effective management of anemia, particularly among women with higher BMI or advanced maternal age.</span></span></span></p> Anemia, Pregnant Women, Hematologic Tests, Clinical Parameters 130 136 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7401-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Faten Khudhair Al Husaini fatenkabbas@uomisan.edu.iq 5200319475328460087629 5200319475328460087629 Yes Department of Science, College of Basic Education, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq Alla Abd Al Hassan Al Hilfy fatenkabbas@uomisan.edu.iq 5200319475328460087630 5200319475328460087630 No Department of Science, College of Basic Education, University of Misan, Maysan, Iraq