en Health Improvement Strategies Health Improvement Strategies مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Background & Objective:</span></span><b> </b></b><span style="color:black">An optimal connection between enamel surfaces and brackets is necessary for successful fixed orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of brackets bonded with (ACTIVA) and compare it with other orthodontic adhesives.</span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">&nbsp;Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">64 human upper premolar teeth were randomly divided into four equal groups (16 teeth in each group) according to the type of adhesive used. Then each group was subdivided into two subgroups (8 teeth each), one preserved in deionized water at 37&deg;C for 30 days and one subgroup of each adhesive type was subjected to acid media.&nbsp; Adhesive systems used in the study: Transbond XT group (non-fluoride releasing adhesive), Light Bond group (fluoride releasing adhesive), GC Fuji Ortho LC group (powder and liquid glass ionomer adhesive, and ACTIVA bioactive restorative material group. Using a universal testing machine (1 mm/min), SBS was assessed after 30 days. The ARI was evaluated by using a stereomicroscope with a 10X magnification.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"></span></span></span><br> <b><span lang="EN-IN"><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Results: </span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">A significant difference (p<0.05) between the four tested adhesive systems in SBS in both groups. The mean SBS value in both groups was highest in the Transbond XT group, followed by the ACTIVA group, the Light Bond group, and the GC Fuji Ortho group. Only Fuji Ortho group showed a highly significant difference between the acid challenge and water storage. Regarding the ARI test, ACTIVA has score II in water and score III in acid which means much material is left on the tooth surface.</span></span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">Conclusion: </span></span>&nbsp;</b><span style="color:black">ACTIVA had a SBS that was higher than Light Bond and GC Fuji ortho LC, however, lower than that of Transbond XT, but still above the clinically acceptable level.</span><br> <b><span style="background:#2d7f8f"><span style="color:white">&nbsp;Keywords: </span></span></b>&nbsp;<span style="color:#2d7f8f">Fluoride Releasing Adhesive, Acidic Media, Shear Bond Strength, Bioactive Material, Adhesive Remnant Index, ACTIVA</span></span></span></p> Fluoride releasing adhesive, Acidic media, Shear bond strength, bioactive material, adhesive remnant index, ACTIVA. 137 147 http://journal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-7433-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Noor Adel Mohammed Ali raid.mcm@uomisan.edu.iq 5200319475328460087645 0009-0001-4192-1055 Yes Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq Layth M. K. Nissan laythnissan@codental.uobaghdad.edu.iq 5200319475328460087646 5200319475328460087646 No Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq Murtatha Majeed Ubaid Ubaid murtadha.majeed@uokerbala.edu.iq 5200319475328460087647 5200319475328460087647 No Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Kerbala, Iraq