ackground & Objective:  Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a method to reduce the risk of occurrence or recurrence of stroke in patients with cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Patients should be followed up after this surgery to evaluate the neurological consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term neurological consequences of CEA in terms of improvement of neurological complications, recurrent stroke, and recurrent stenosis after surgery based on technical conditions and specific patient characteristics.
 Materials & Methods:  Ischemic stroke patients admitted to the neurology ward of Zanjan Vali-e-Asr Hospital who underwent CEA by a single experienced vascular surgeon at the same center from 2016 to 2020 (n = 45) were included in the study. Patients were asked to return for cervical color duplex ultrasonography (CDU) and clinical examination. Additional information was collected from the patient's medical records and follow-up results. MRS criterion was used to evaluate neurological outcomes, and CT angiography and CDU were used to grade carotid artery stenosis.
Results:  No intraoperative complications were reported. At short-term follow-up (30 days), cardiovascular events occurred in 5% of patients, and surgical site hematoma was observed in 2.5%. At long-term follow-up (90 days), cerebrovascular events were reported in 7.5% of patients. Five patients were lost to follow-up. Both 30-day and 90-day postoperative mortality rates were 5%. No restenosis was detected among surviving patients who underwent CDU.
Conclusion:  This study demonstrated a 15% complication rate for CEA in Zanjan Vali-e-Asr Hospital, which was not significantly affected by demographic factors and comorbidities. CEA showed low short-term and long-term mortality rates, with acceptable overall results. Compared to other studies conducted globally and nationally, CEA outcomes at this center appear relatively safe for eligible patients, with relatively low re-stroke rates.