Background & Objective:  The incidence of asthma is rising, incurring considerable healthcare expenses. Although corticosteroids are the most effective anti-inflammatory drugs for improving lung function in asthma, they have a limited influence on airway remodeling and can cause adverse effects. Therefore, interest in developing natural medications with fewer side effects is growing. The increasing use of traditional herbal medicine demands more scientific evidence for its efficacy. Allium ampeloprasum, which is suggested for use in traditional medicine to treat asthma, was chosen for this investigation due to its traditional applications.
 Materials & Methods:  A hydroalcoholic extract of the plant was prepared. Its effect on the viability and proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells was determined using the MTT assay. The production of nitric oxide and the levels of inflammatory proteins in T lymphocyte cells were also investigated.
Results:  A. ampeloprasum extract significantly reduced the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p ≤ 0.05). Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) enhanced proliferation, whereas the extract significantly suppressed this PDGF-BB-induced proliferation (p ≤ 0.05). The extract did not influence basal cell viability or proliferation, regardless of LPS stimulation. In LPS-stimulated cells, the extract significantly decreased nitric oxide production (p ≤ 0.05). The expression and production of LPS-induced inflammatory markers were also significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion:  A. ampeloprasum has anti-inflammatory effects and can prevent the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells. It can be proposed as a possible corticosteroid substitute.