Background and Objectives: Obesity is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays an important role in complications obesity. Although the measurement of waist circumference is a useful index for evaluating obesity and its complications, always increasing of waist circumference is not associated with VAT accumulation. HTGW (Hypertriglyceridemic waist circumference) phenotype is a useful marker for visceral adipose tissue accumulation. The purpose of this study is comparison of sdLDL-c serum level and LDL-c particle size as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in middle aged woman with HTGW phenotype and without it. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 90 volunteer women between 40 and 60 years old based on the four common definitions of HTGW phenotype, were divided into two groups with and without this phenotype. It was used precipitation method for measurement of serum levels of sdLDL-c. LDL-c particle size also was measured by the gradient gel electrophoresis technique. Results: Although in all of definitions, LDL-c particle size significantly was smaller in group with this HTGW phenotype, sdLDL-c serum level was statistical significant different in both definitions of HTGW-L and HTGW-H. Conclusion: According to significant difference in diameter of LDL-c particles and sdLDL-c concentrations grouped based on the definitions HTGW-L and HTGW-H as well as the role of sdLDL-c particles in cardiovascular diseases, therefore mentioned definitions are useful inexpensive screening tools to identify individuals at risk for cardiovascular diseases. References 1- Després J-P. Cardiovascular disease under the influence of excess visceral fat. Critical Pathways In Cardiology. 2007 6: 51-9. 2- Sarrafzadegan N, Kopaei SA. The Association between hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, menopause, and cardiovascular risk factors. Arch Iran Med. 2012 16: 161-6. 3- Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity-related health risk. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 84: 379: (3)79. 4- Lemieux I, Poirier P, Bergeron J, et al. Hypertriglyceridemic waist: a useful screening phenotype in preventive cardiology? Can J Cardiol. 2007 23: 23B-31B. 5- Rexrode KM, Carey VJ, Hennekens CH, et al. Abdominal adiposity and coronary heart disease in women. JAMA. 1998 280: 1843-8. 6- Hamdi O, Porramatikul S, Al-Ozairi E. Metabolic obesity: the paradox between visceral and subcutaneous fat. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2006 2: 367-73. 7- Frayn KN. Visceral fat and insulin resistance causative or correlative? Br J of Nutr. 2000 83: S71-S7. 8- Cornier M-A, Dabelea D, Hernandez TL, et al. The metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev. 2008 29: 777-822. 9- Leroith D. Pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome: implications for the cardiometabolic risks associated with type 2 diabetes. Am J Med Sci. 2012 343: 13-6. 10- Therond P. Catabolism of lipoproteins and metabolic syndrome. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009 12: 366-71. 11- Superko HR, Gadesam RR. Is it LDL particle size or number that correlates with risk for cardiovascular disease? Curr Atheroscler rep. 2008 10: 377-85. 12- Rizzo M, Berneis K. Low-density lipoprotein size and cardiovascular risk assessment. QJM. 200699:1-14. 13- Gazi IF, Milionis HJ, Filippatos TD, et al. Hypertriglyceridaemic waist phenotype criteria and prevalent metabolic triad in women. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2008 24: 223-30. 14- Jellife DB .The assessment of the nutritional status of the Community. Monogr Set World Health. 1966: 53: 3-271. 15- Hirano T, Ito Y, Koba S,et al. Clinical significance of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels determined by the simple precipitation method. Arterioscler, Thrombosis, Vasc biol. 2004 24: 558-63. 16- Matthews D, Hosker J, Rudenski A, Naylor B, Treacher D, Turner R. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and β-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985 28: 412-9. 17- Esteghamati A, Ashraf H, Esteghamati A-R, et al. Optimal threshold of homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance in an Iranian population: the implication of metabolic syndrome to detect insulin resistance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2009 84: 279-87. 18- Rainwater DL, Moore P, Shelledy W, Dyer TD, Slifer SH. Characterization of a composite gradient gel for the electrophoretic separation of lipoproteins. J Lipid Res. 1997 38: 1261-6. 19- Ghassab RK, Gohari LH, Firoozray M, Yegane MN. Determination of low density lipoprotein particle size by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis in patients with coronary artery stenosis. Lab Medicine. 2010 41: 164-6. 20- Gazi IF, Filippatos TD, Tsimihodimos V, et al. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is a predictor of elevated levels of small, dense LDL cholesterol. Lipids. 2006 41: 647-54. 21- Bos G, Dekker JM, Heine RJ. Non-HDL cholesterol contributes to the “Hypertriglyceridemic Waist” as a cardiovascular risk factor. The Hoorn study. Diabetes care. 2004 27: 283-4. 22- Nikolic D, Katsiki N, Montalto G, Isenovic ER, Mikhailidis DP, Rizzo M. Lipoprotein subfractions in metabolic syndrome and obesity: clinical significance and therapeutic approaches. Nutrients. 2013 5: 928-48. 23- Group UPDS. UK prospective diabetes study 27: plasma lipids and lipoproteins at diagnosis of NIDDM by age and sex. Diabetes care. 1997 20: 1683-7. 24- Hosseini Gohari L, Karimzadeh Ghassab R, Firoozray M, Zavarehee A, Basiri HA. The association between small dense low density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio and coronary artery stenosis. Med J I.R.Iran. 2009 23: 8-13.
بازنشر اطلاعات | |
![]() |
این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است. |