Background and Objectives: The MgO nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) are widely used in many fields such as catalysis, adsorption, electronics, ceramics and antibacterial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of MgO-NPs on histopathological and biomarker changes of liver injuries (ALT, ALP, and AST) in pregnant NMRI mice.

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, thirty five female NMRI mice were randomly allocated to one control group and four experimental groups (n=7).The experimental mice received MgO-NPs at concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Blood samples were taken from the inner corners of their eyes, serums were separated and then liver enzyme activities were analyzed. Subsequently, all animals were euthanized via cervical dislocation and tissue samples were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for histopathological evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software.

Results: Findings assert that different concentrations of MgO-NPs did not bring about any significant effect on liver and body weight. Activity of liver-associated serum enzymes at all concentrations of MgO NPs exhibited a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to the control group. In histopathological study, cell accumulation and cell division around sinusoidal ducts, destruction of hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration and cell degeneration around the central vein were observed.

Conclusion: The biochemical parameters and histopathological findings from liver indicated that exposure to MgO-NPs could induce different degrees of damage in a dose-dependent manner.