ackground and Objective: Bisphenol A [BPA; 2,2-bis-(4 hydroxyphenyl) propane] is an environmental estrogenic and endocrine-disrupting compound that exerts its destructive effects through increasing oxidative stress, but the mechanisms underlying this effect have not yet been fully explained. This study evaluates BPA toxicity in muscle cells and the therapeutic potential of adiponectin (APN) and quercetin (QUER).
Materials & Methods: Confluent L6 rat muscle cells were exposed to BPA (50 and 100 μM) with APN (10 and 100 ng/ml) and QUER (10 and 25 mM) for 24 and 48 hours. Cell viability, pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance (PAB), catalase (CAT) activity, and KEAP1/Nrf2 gene expression were analyzed using desired methods.
Results: BPA in high doses (100 mM) significantly reduced the viability of the muscle cells, while APN and QUER increased cell survival in a time-dependent manner. The effect of QUER also was dose-dependent, while APN in high doses decreased the viability of the muscle cells. APN and QUER also reduced BPA-associated oxidative stress. These changes were significant in the case of QUER. The CAT activity was reduced in BPA-treated cells, which was notably increased with APN and QUER treatment. A decrease in Nrf2 gene expression of BPA-treated muscle cells improved by treatment with QUER and APN in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: Our results hinted that APN and QUER could modulate BPA-induced oxidative stress in muscle cells through KEAP1/Nrf2 pathways. Accordingly, it can also be concluded that APN in low doses and QUER may significantly reduce muscle toxicity caused by BPA.