جمعه 1 اسفند 1404
[Archive]
دوره 33، شماره 162 - ( Special Issue 1404 )
جلد 33 شماره 162 صفحات 12-1 |
برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Jamaah A K, AL-Hamadani F Y, Al-Saadi A F. Genetic Insights Into Psoriasis Therapy: A Review of Polymorphisms in the Genes of Both TNF-α and the TNF Signaling Pathway on the Response to Anti-TNF-α. J Adv Med Biomed Res 2025; 33 (162) :1-12
URL: http://journal.zums.ac.ir/article-1-7844-fa.html
URL: http://journal.zums.ac.ir/article-1-7844-fa.html
Genetic Insights Into Psoriasis Therapy: A Review of Polymorphisms in the Genes of Both TNF-α and the TNF Signaling Pathway on the Response to Anti-TNF-α. Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research. 1404; 33 (162) :1-12
چکیده: (161 مشاهده)
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors are widely used as first-line treatments for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, yet clinical responses vary considerably among patients despite their overall safety and efficacy. Genetic factors that influence the effectiveness of biologic therapies may contribute to this variability. This review, conducted between May and June 2024 using the Google Scholar and PubMed databases, examined studies exploring associations between genetic polymorphisms in TNF-α and various genes within the TNF signaling pathway and patient responses to anti-TNF-α therapy. A total of 20 relevant studies were identified, assessing polymorphisms in TNF-α (−238/rs361525, −1031/rs1799964, −308/rs1800629, −857/rs1799724), TNF receptor genes such as TNFRSF1B (rs1061622), and additional related genes including TNFAIP3 (rs610604), IL1B (rs1143623 and rs1143627), FCGR2A (H131R/rs1801274), and FCGR3A (V158F/rs396991). Overall, these genetic variations demonstrate potential significance in modulating therapeutic responses to anti-TNF-α agents in psoriasis. However, inconsistencies across existing studies highlight the need for larger, multi-center investigations to confirm their clinical relevance and support the integration of genetic markers into personalized treatment strategies.
نوع مطالعه: مقاله مروری |
موضوع مقاله:
Clinical Medicine
دریافت: 1404/7/7 | پذیرش: 1404/8/26 | انتشار: 1404/10/8
دریافت: 1404/7/7 | پذیرش: 1404/8/26 | انتشار: 1404/10/8
فهرست منابع
1. Michalek IM, Loring B, John SM. A systematic review of worldwide epidemiology of psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017;31(2):205-12. [DOI:10.1111/jdv.13854] [PMID] [PMCID]
2. World Health Organization (WHO). Global report on psoriasis. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2016.
3. Lopalco G, Morrone M, Atzeni F, Bazzani C, Bianchi FP, Cantatore FP, et al. Efficacy and retention rate of secukinumab in psoriatic arthritis across different clinical phenotypes: insights from the Italian GISEA Registry. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2025;17:1759720x251315138. [DOI:10.1177/1759720X251315138] [PMID] [PMCID]
4. Paller AS, Singh R, Cloutier M, Gauthier-Loiselle M, Emond B, Guérin A, et al. Prevalence of Psoriasis in Children and Adolescents in the United States: A Claims-Based Analysis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(2):187-94.
5. Li B, Huang L, Lv P, Li X, Liu G, Chen Y, et al. The role of Th17 cells in psoriasis. Immunol Res. 2020;68(5):296-309. [DOI:10.1007/s12026-020-09149-1] [PMID]
6. Campanati A, Marani A, Martina E, Diotallevi F, Radi G, Offidani A. Psoriasis as an Immune-Mediated and Inflammatory Systemic Disease: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines. 2021;9(11):1511. [DOI:10.3390/biomedicines9111511] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Amin M, No DJ, Egeberg A, Wu JJ. Choosing First-Line Biologic Treatment for Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: What Does the Evidence Say?. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018;19(1):1-13. [DOI:10.1007/s40257-017-0328-3] [PMID]
8. Bai F, Li GG, Liu Q, Niu X, Li R, Ma H. Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of IL-17, IL-12/23, and IL-23 Inhibitors Brodalumab, Secukinumab, Ixekizumab, Ustekinumab, Guselkumab, Tildrakizumab, and Risankizumab for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Immunol Res. 2019;2019:2546161. [DOI:10.1155/2019/2546161] [PMID] [PMCID]
9. Armstrong AW, Puig L, Joshi A, Skup M, Williams D, Li J, et al. Comparison of Biologics and Oral Treatments for Plaque Psoriasis: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2020;156(3):258-69. [DOI:10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.4029] [PMID] [PMCID]
10. López E, Cabrera R, Lecaros C. Targeted therapy for immune mediated skin diseases. What should a dermatologist know?. An Bras Dermatol. 2024;99:546-67. [DOI:10.1016/j.abd.2023.10.002] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Papp KA, Armstrong AW, Reich K, Karunaratne M, Valdecantos W. Adalimumab Efficacy in Patients with Psoriasis Who Received or Did Not Respond to Prior Systemic Therapy: A Pooled Post Hoc Analysis of Results from Three Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2016;17(1):79-86. [DOI:10.1007/s40257-015-0161-5] [PMID] [PMCID]
12. Narbutt J, Jakubczak Z, Wasiewicz-Ciach P, Wojtania J, Krupa K, Sobolewska-Sztychny D, et al. Effectiveness and Safety of Etanercept in Paediatric Patients with Plaque-Type Psoriasis: Real-World Evidence. J Clin Med. 2024;13(16):4858. [DOI:10.3390/jcm13164858] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. Pinter A, Brnabic A, Trovato E, Puig L, Carrascosa JM, Boyé T, et al. Comparative Effectiveness and Durability of Biologics Through 24 Months for Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Results from the International, Observational Psoriasis Study of Health Outcomes (PSoHO). Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2025;15(10):2819-32. [DOI:10.1007/s13555-025-01494-z] [PMID] [PMCID]
14. Rønholt K, Iversen L. Old and New Biological Therapies for Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(11):2297. [DOI:10.3390/ijms18112297] [PMID] [PMCID]
15. Roden DM, McLeod HL, Relling MV, Williams MS, Mensah GA, Peterson JF, et al. Pharmacogenomics. Lancet. 2019;394(10197):521-32. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31276-0] [PMID] [PMCID]
16. Enevold C, Loft N, Bregnhøj A, Zachariae C, Iversen L, Skov L, et al. Circulating Brodalumab Levels and Therapy Outcomes in Patients With Psoriasis Treated With Brodalumab: A Case Series. JAMA Dermatol. 2022;158(7):762-9. [DOI:10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.1863] [PMID] [PMCID]
17. Loft N, Bregnhøj A, Fage S, Nielsen CH, Enevold C, Zachariae C, et al. Effectiveness of brodalumab after previous treatment failure of interleukin-17A inhibitors in patients with psoriasis. Dermatol Ther. 2021;34(6):e15106. [DOI:10.1111/dth.15106] [PMID]
18. Andersen CSB, Kvist-Hansen A, Siewertsen M, Enevold C, Hansen PR, Kaur-Knudsen D, et al. Blood Cell Biomarkers of Inflammation and Cytokine Levels as Predictors of Response to Biologics in Patients with Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(7):6111. [DOI:10.3390/ijms24076111] [PMID] [PMCID]
19. Loft ND, Skov L, Iversen L, Gniadecki R, Dam TN, Brandslund I, et al. Associations between functional polymorphisms and response to biological treatment in Danish patients with psoriasis. Pharmacogenomics J. 2018;18(3):494-500. [DOI:10.1038/tpj.2017.31] [PMID]
20. Conigliaro P, Ciccacci C, Politi C, Triggianese P, Rufini S, Kroegler B, et al. Polymorphisms in STAT4, PTPN2, PSORS1C1 and TRAF3IP2 Genes Are Associated with the Response to TNF Inhibitors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169956. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0169956] [PMID] [PMCID]
21. Maldonado-Montoro M, Cañadas-Garre M, González-Utrilla A, Plaza-Plaza JC, Calleja-Hernández M. Genetic and clinical biomarkers of tocilizumab response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacol Res. 2016;111:264-71. [DOI:10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.016] [PMID]
22. Jegathesan T, Yusoff SD, Mohd Tahir NA. Genetic polymorphism associated with non-response to therapy in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a review. Pharmacogenomics. 2025;26(7-9):271-83. [DOI:10.1080/14622416.2025.2547561] [PMID] [PMCID]
23. Julià A, Fernandez-Nebro A, Blanco F, Ortiz A, Cañete JD, Maymó J, et al. A genome-wide association study identifies a new locus associated with the response to anti-TNF therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacogenomics J. 2016;16(2):147-50. [DOI:10.1038/tpj.2015.31] [PMID]
24. Swierkot J, Bogunia-Kubik K, Nowak B, Bialowas K, Korman L, Gebura K, et al. Analysis of associations between polymorphisms within genes coding for tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF receptors and responsiveness to TNF-alpha blockers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2015;82(2):94-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.jbspin.2014.08.006] [PMID]
25. Rottura M, Pirrotta I, Giorgi DA, Irrera N, Arcoraci V, Mannino F, et al. Genetic polymorphisms on TNFA, TNFRSF1A, and TNFRSF1B genes predict the effectiveness of anti-TNF-α Treatment in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Biomedicines. 2025;13(3):669. [DOI:10.3390/biomedicines13030669] [PMID] [PMCID]
26. Siewertsen M, Al-Sofi R, Dridi H, Ajenthen GD, Zachariae C, Skov L, et al. Association between HLA-Cw6 and response to treatment with biologics in patients with psoriasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023;37(5):e611-e4. [DOI:10.1111/jdv.18870] [PMID]
27. Alhilali D, Mohammed S. Genetic polymorphisms at TNF-alpha receptors associated some autoimmune diseases and response of anti-TNF biologics. Iraqi J Pharm Sci. 2024;33(4):49-58. [DOI:10.31351/vol33iss4pp49-58]
28. Mohammed SI, Jasim AL, Jamal MY, Hussain SA. Factors Influencing Adalimumab Treatment Response in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Future of Clinical Expertise. Al-Rafidain J Med Sci. 2023;5:192-204. [DOI:10.54133/ajms.v5i.232]
29. Mohammed SI, Yawuz Jamal M, Alshamari IO. The Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukins with Disease Severity or Response to Biological Therapy in Iraqi Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Narrative Review. Al-Rafidain J Med Sci. 2023;4:24-33. [DOI:10.54133/ajms.v4i.100]
30. Mohammed SI, Zalzala MH, Gorial FI. The effect of TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms at-376 G/A,-806 C/T, and-1031 T/C on the likelihood of becoming a non-responder to etanercept in a sample of Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients. Iraqi J Pharm Sci. 2022;31(2):113-28. [DOI:10.31351/vol31iss2pp113-128]
31. Mohammed S, Zalzala M, Gorial F. Association of tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter region gene polymorphism at positions -308G/A, -857C/T, and -863C/A with etanercept response in Iraqi rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arch Rheumatol. 2022;37(4):613-25. [DOI:10.46497/ArchRheumatol.2022.9272] [PMID] [PMCID]
32. Song GG, Seo YH, Kim JH, Choi SJ, Ji JD, Lee YH. Association between TNF-α (-308 A/G, -238 A/G, -857 C/T) polymorphisms and responsiveness to TNF-α blockers in spondyloarthropathy, psoriasis and Crohn's disease: a meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics. 2015;16(12):1427-37. [DOI:10.2217/pgs.15.90] [PMID]
33. Vasilopoulos Y, Manolika M, Zafiriou E, Sarafidou T, Bagiatis V, Krüger-Krasagaki S, et al. Pharmacogenetic analysis of TNF, TNFRSF1A, and TNFRSF1B gene polymorphisms and prediction of response to anti-TNF therapy in psoriasis patients in the Greek population. Mol Diagn Ther. 2012;16(1):29-34. [DOI:10.1007/BF03256427] [PMID]
34. De Simone C, Farina M, Maiorino A, Fanali C, Perino F, Flamini A, et al. TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms can help to predict response to etanercept in psoriatic patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(9):1786-90. [DOI:10.1111/jdv.13024] [PMID]
35. Gallo E, Cabaleiro T, Román M, Solano-López G, Abad-Santos F, García-Díez A, et al. The relationship between tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α promoter and IL12B/IL-23R genes polymorphisms and the efficacy of anti-TNF-α therapy in psoriasis: a case-control study. Br J Dermatol. 2013;169(4):819-29. [DOI:10.1111/bjd.12425] [PMID]
36. Daprà V, Ponti R, Lo Curcio G, Archetti M, Dini M, Gavatorta M, et al. Functional study of TNF-α as a promoter of polymorphisms in psoriasis. Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2021;157(2):146-53. [DOI:10.23736/S2784-8671.21.06979-0]
37. Ovejero-Benito MC, Muñoz-Aceituno E, Reolid A, Fisas LH, Llamas-Velasco M, Prieto-Pérez R, et al. Polymorphisms associated with anti-TNF drugs response in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(4):e175-e7. [DOI:10.1111/jdv.15431] [PMID]
38. Fischer R, Kontermann RE, Pfizenmaier K. Selective Targeting of TNF Receptors as a Novel Therapeutic Approach. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:401. [DOI:10.3389/fcell.2020.00401] [PMID] [PMCID]
39. González-Lara L, Batalla A, Coto E, Gómez J, Eiris N, Santos-Juanes J, et al. The TNFRSF1B rs1061622 polymorphism (p.M196R) is associated with biological drug outcome in Psoriasis patients. Arch Dermatol Res. 2015;307(5):405-12. [DOI:10.1007/s00403-014-1533-z] [PMID]
40. Chen W, Xu H, Wang X, Gu J, Xiong H, Shi Y. The tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B polymorphisms predict response to anti-TNF therapy in patients with autoimmune disease: A meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015;28(1):146-53. [DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2015.05.049] [PMID]
41. Membrive Jiménez C, Pérez Ramírez C, Sánchez Martín A, Vieira Maroun S, Arias Santiago SA, Ramírez Tortosa MDC, et al. Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms on Response to Biologics in Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis. J Pers Med. 2021;11(4):293. [DOI:10.3390/jpm11040293] [PMID] [PMCID]
42. Masouri S, Stefanaki I, Ntritsos G, Kypreou KP, Drakaki E, Evangelou E, et al. A Pharmacogenetic Study of Psoriasis Risk Variants in a Greek Population and Prediction of Responses to Anti-TNF-α and Anti-IL-12/23 Agents. Mol Diagn Ther. 2016;20(3):221-5. [DOI:10.1007/s40291-016-0198-z] [PMID]
43. Hadi AMH, Abbas AA-H, Abdulamir AS, Fadheel BM. The effect of TNFAIP3 gene polymorphism on disease susceptibility and response of etanercept in psoriatic patients. Eur J Mol Clin Med. 2020;7:240-6.
44. Tejasvi T, Stuart PE, Chandran V, Voorhees JJ, Gladman DD, Rahman P, et al. TNFAIP3 gene polymorphisms are associated with response to TNF blockade in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132(3 Pt 1):593-600. [DOI:10.1038/jid.2011.376] [PMID] [PMCID]
45. van den Reek J, Coenen MJH, van de L'Isle Arias M, Zweegers J, Rodijk-Olthuis D, Schalkwijk J, et al. Polymorphisms in CD84, IL12B and TNFAIP3 are associated with response to biologics in patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2017;176(5):1288-96. [DOI:10.1111/bjd.15005] [PMID]
46. Ito M, Hirota T, Momose M, Ito T, Umezawa Y, Fukuchi O, et al. Lack of association of TNFA, TNFRSF1B and TNFAIP3 gene polymorphisms with response to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in Japanese patients with psoriasis. J Dermatol. 2020;47(4):e110-e1. [DOI:10.1111/1346-8138.15200]
47. Prieto-Pérez R, Solano-López G, Cabaleiro T, Román M, Ochoa D, Talegón M, et al. New polymorphisms associated with response to anti-TNF drugs in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Pharmacogenomics J. 2018;18(1):70-5. [DOI:10.1038/tpj.2016.64] [PMID]
48. Julià M, Guilabert A, Lozano F, Suarez-Casasús B, Moreno N, Carrascosa JM, et al. The role of Fcγ receptor polymorphisms in the response to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in psoriasis A pharmacogenetic study. JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(9):1033-9. [DOI:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.4632] [PMID]
49. Mendrinou E, Patsatsi A, Zafiriou E, Papadopoulou D, Aggelou L, Sarri C, et al. FCGR3A-V158F polymorphism is a disease-specific pharmacogenetic marker for the treatment of psoriasis with Fc-containing TNFα inhibitors. Pharmacogenomics J. 2017;17(3):237-41. [DOI:10.1038/tpj.2016.16] [PMID]
50. Batalla A, Coto E, Coto-Segura P. Influence of Fcγ receptor polymorphisms on response to anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment in psoriasis. JAMA Dermatol. 2015;151(12):1376-8. [DOI:10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.2818] [PMID]
51. Antonatos C, Stavrou EF, Evangelou E, Vasilopoulos Y. Exploring pharmacogenetic variants for predicting response to anti-TNF therapy in autoimmune diseases: A meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics. 2021;22(7):435-45. [DOI:10.2217/pgs-2021-0019] [PMID]
52. Verma S, Sowdhamini R. A genome-wide search of Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter molecule (TICAM) and their evolutionary divergence from other TIR domain containing proteins. Biol Direct. 2022;17(1):24. [DOI:10.1186/s13062-022-00335-9] [PMID] [PMCID]
53. Garlanda C, Di Ceglie I, Jaillon S. IL-1 family cytokines in inflammation and immunity. Cell Mol Immuno. 2025(11):1345-62. [DOI:10.1038/s41423-025-01358-8] [PMID] [PMCID]
54. Kalb D, Vo HD, Adikari S, Hong-Geller E, Munsky B, Werner J. Visualization and modeling of inhibition of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA transcription at the single-cell level. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):13692. [DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-92846-0] [PMID] [PMCID]
55. Loras A, Gil-Barrachina M, Hernando B, Perez-Pastor G, Martinez-Domenech A, Mahiques L, et al. Association between several immune response-related genes and the effectiveness of biological treatments in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Exp Dermatol. 2024;33(1):e15003. [DOI:10.1111/exd.15003] [PMID]
56. Dand N, Stuart PE, Bowes J, Ellinghaus D, Nititham J, Saklatvala JR, et al. GWAS meta-analysis of psoriasis identifies new susceptibility alleles impacting disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Nat Commun. 2025;16(1):2051. [DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-56719-8] [PMID] [PMCID]
57. Dopytalska K, Ciechanowicz P, Wiszniewski K, Szymańska E, Walecka I. The Role of Epigenetic Factors in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(17):9294. [DOI:10.3390/ijms22179294] [PMID] [PMCID]
58. Babaie F, Omraninava M, Gorabi AM, Khosrojerdi A, Aslani S, Yazdchi A, et al. Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis from Genetic Perspective: An updated Review. Curr Genomics. 2022;23(3):163-74. [DOI:10.2174/1389202923666220527111037] [PMID] [PMCID]
59. Caputo V, Strafella C, Cosio T, Lanna C, Campione E, Novelli G, et al. Pharmacogenomics: An Update on Biologics and Small-Molecule Drugs in the Treatment of Psoriasis. Genes (Basel). 2021;12(9):1398. [DOI:10.3390/genes12091398] [PMID] [PMCID]
60. Magee C, Jethwa H, FitzGerald OM, Jadon DR. Biomarkers predictive of treatment response in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2021;13:1759720x211014010. [DOI:10.1177/1759720X211014010] [PMID] [PMCID]
61. Levin AA, Gottlieb AB, Au SC. A comparison of psoriasis drug failure rates and reasons for discontinuation in biologics vs conventional systemic therapies. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014;13(7):848-53.
62. Ovejero-Benito MC, Muñoz-Aceituno E, Reolid A, Saiz-Rodríguez M, Abad-Santos F, Daudén E. Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics in Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018;19(2):209-22. [DOI:10.1007/s40257-017-0322-9] [PMID]
63. Sutherland A, Power RJ, Rahman P, O'Rielly DD. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in psoriasis treatment: current challenges and future prospects. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2016;12(8):923-35. [DOI:10.1080/17425255.2016.1194394] [PMID]
64. van Vugt LJ, van den Reek J, Coenen MJH, de Jong E. A systematic review of pharmacogenetic studies on the response to biologics in patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2018;178(1):86-94. [DOI:10.1111/bjd.16197] [PMID]
65. Wen AQ, Gu W, Wang J, Feng K, Qin L, Ying C, et al. Clinical relevance of IL-1beta promoter polymorphisms (-1470, -511, and -31) in patients with major trauma. Shock. 2010;33(6):576-82. [DOI:10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181cc0a8e] [PMID]
66. Mazurek M, Szudy-Szczyrek A, Homa-Mlak I, Hus M, Małecka-Massalska T, Mlak R. IL1B Polymorphism (rs1143634) and IL-1β Plasma Concentration as Predictors of Nutritional Disorders and Prognostic Factors in Multiple Myeloma Patients. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16(7):1263. [DOI:10.3390/cancers16071263] [PMID] [PMCID]
67. Mehrabi S, Mirtabatabaei L, Shakerian S, Forouzesh F, Razavi M, Tavabe-Ghavami TS, et al. Association of IL1B Gene Polymorphisms (rs1143634 and rs16944) with Schizophrenia in Iranian Patients. Biochem Genet. 2025:1-12. [DOI:10.1007/s10528-025-11255-4]
68. Ko SH, Chi CC, Yeh ML, Wang SH, Tsai YS, Hsu MY. Lifestyle changes for treating psoriasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;7(7):Cd011972. [DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD011972.pub2] [PMID] [PMCID]
69. Højgaard P, Glintborg B, Hetland ML, Hansen TH, Lage-Hansen PR, Petersen MH, et al. Association between tobacco smoking and response to tumour necrosis factor α inhibitor treatment in psoriatic arthritis: results from the DANBIO registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74(12):2130-6. [DOI:10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205389] [PMID]
70. Schwarz CW, Loft N, Rasmussen MK, Nissen CV, Dam TN, Ajgeiy KK, et al. Predictors of Response to Biologics in Patients with Moderate-to-severe Psoriasis: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2021;101(10):adv00579. [DOI:10.2340/actadv.v101.351] [PMID] [PMCID]
| بازنشر اطلاعات | |
 |
این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است. |
