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1- 0000- 0002-8910-1267, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah , Iraq
2- 0009-0009-9048-7919 Department of Biology ,College of Education- Qurna ,University of Basrah, Iraq ,zahraaqusay355@gmail.com
3- 0000-0001-8889-8748 Department of Biology ,College of Education- Qurna ,University of Basrah, Iraq
2- 0009-0009-9048-7919 Department of Biology ,College of Education- Qurna ,University of Basrah, Iraq ,
3- 0000-0001-8889-8748 Department of Biology ,College of Education- Qurna ,University of Basrah, Iraq
Abstract: (5 Views)
Background and Objective: Esophageal cancer is an aggressive malignancy associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic efficacy of conventional treatments. Therefore, the development of safer and more effective anticancer agents is of considerable interest. This study investigated the in vitro anticancer potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles prepared using the aqueous seed extract of Sinapis alba against the human esophageal cancer cell line SKGT-4, with comparison to the normal HBL-100 cell line.
Materials and Methods: Green-synthesized AgNPs were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity using cell viability assays. Their effects on cell migration and apoptosis were examined by migration assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining. In addition, the relative expression levels of Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 genes were quantified by RT-qPCR.
Results: The biosynthesized AgNPs significantly reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. After 72 h of treatment, growth inhibition in SKGT-4 cells reached approximately 87%, with an IC₅₀ value of about 220 µg/mL, whereas the IC₅₀ for HBL-100 cells was 456 µg/mL, indicating preferential cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. The nanoparticles also suppressed cell migration and markedly increased apoptotic cell death. Gene expression analysis demonstrated significant upregulation of Caspase-8, while Caspase-9 expression remained close to the control level.
Conclusion: Biosynthesized AgNPs derived from Sinapis alba exhibited promising in vitro anticancer activity by selectively inhibiting esophageal cancer cell growth, reducing migration, and promoting apoptosis, primarily through activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Materials and Methods: Green-synthesized AgNPs were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity using cell viability assays. Their effects on cell migration and apoptosis were examined by migration assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining. In addition, the relative expression levels of Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 genes were quantified by RT-qPCR.
Results: The biosynthesized AgNPs significantly reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. After 72 h of treatment, growth inhibition in SKGT-4 cells reached approximately 87%, with an IC₅₀ value of about 220 µg/mL, whereas the IC₅₀ for HBL-100 cells was 456 µg/mL, indicating preferential cytotoxicity toward cancer cells. The nanoparticles also suppressed cell migration and markedly increased apoptotic cell death. Gene expression analysis demonstrated significant upregulation of Caspase-8, while Caspase-9 expression remained close to the control level.
Conclusion: Biosynthesized AgNPs derived from Sinapis alba exhibited promising in vitro anticancer activity by selectively inhibiting esophageal cancer cell growth, reducing migration, and promoting apoptosis, primarily through activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Bionanotechnology
Received: 2026/06/27 | Accepted: 2026/08/10
Received: 2026/06/27 | Accepted: 2026/08/10
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