Volume 25, Issue 111 (6-2017)                   J Adv Med Biomed Res 2017, 25(111): 29-40 | Back to browse issues page

XML Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Bahrami M, Ghorbanlou M, Farrokhi A, Nejatbakhsh R. Effect of Low Doses Consumption of Alcohol on Rat's Fetal Liver – A Histological Study. J Adv Med Biomed Res 2017; 25 (111) :29-40
URL: http://journal.zums.ac.ir/article-1-4481-en.html
Effect of Low Doses Consumption of Alcohol on Rat's Fetal Liver – A Histological Study
Maziar Bahrami *1 , Mehrdad Ghorbanlou2 , Ahmad Farrokhi2 , Reza Nejatbakhsh2
1- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
2- Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Abstract:   (153504 Views)

Background and Objective: Alcohol is a teratogenic agent for humans and can easily pass through the placenta. Low doses of alcohol are commonly found in alcoholic drinks, therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the histological changes of fetal rat livers influenced by low doses of alcohol consumption.

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, pregnant female rats were divided into a control group and three experimental groups which were on a diet of 5%, 10% and 20% of alcohol in their drinking water. The specified doses of alcohol were delivered from the 8th day of pregnancy until the 20th day. On the 21st day of pregnancy, the fetuses were surgically removed from the mother's uterus and the livers of the fetuses were removed with the help of a stereo microscope. Following fixing, processing and sectioning, the fetal livers were stained using H&E and were studied under a light microscope. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and ANOVA.

Results: Alcohol doses of 10% and 20% significantly increased histopathological liver factors (p<0.001). But a 5% dose of alcohol didn't have a significant effect on liver histology.

Conclusion: Alcohol usage during pregnancy, even at low doses, may lead to pathologic changes in the liver of a developing rat fetus. A 5% dose of alcohol does not lead to significant pathologic changes in the histology of the fetal rat liver, while doses of 10% and 20% of alcohol significantly increases inflammatory factors in histological studies.

Keywords: Alcohol, Pregnancy, Fetus, Liver, Histology
Full-Text [PDF 434 kb]   (155244 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Clinical Trials |
Received: 2017/05/10 | Accepted: 2017/05/10 | Published: 2017/05/10
References
1. Beattie J. Alcohol exposure and the fetus. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1992; 46: S7-S17.
2. Kumar M, Sarin S. Is cirrhosis of the liver reversible? Indian J Pediat. 2007; 74: 393-9. [DOI:10.1007/s12098-007-0067-1] [PMID]
3. Stancic-Rokotov D, Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, et al. Ethanol gastric lesion aggravated by lung injury in rat. Therapy effect of antiulcer agents. J Physiol. 2001; 95: 289-93. [DOI:10.1016/S0928-4257(01)00040-7]
4. Hu F, Hepburn H, Li Y, Chen M, Radloff S, Daya S. Effects of ethanol and water extracts of propolis (bee glue) on acute inflammatory animal models. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 100: 276-83. [DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2005.02.044] [PMID]
5. Molina P, Zambell K, Norenberg K, et al. Consequences of alcohol-induced early dysregulation of responses to trauma/hemorrhage. Alcohol. 2004; 33: 217-27. [DOI:10.1016/j.alcohol.2004.07.002] [PMID]
6. Adams M, Hirst M. The influence of adrenal medollectomy on the development of ethanol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Canadian J physiol Pharmacol. 1986; 64: 592-6. [DOI:10.1139/y86-098] [PMID]
7. Adams M, Hirst M. Ethanol-induced cardiac hypertrophy: correlation between development and the excretion of adrenal catecholamines. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1986; 24: 33-8. [DOI:10.1016/0091-3057(86)90040-7]
8. Fleming M, Mihic S, Harris R. Ethanol. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 10th ed Edited by Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG New York, McGraw-Hill. 2001: 429-46.
9. Lochry E, Riley E. Retention of passive avoidance and T-maze escape in rats exposed to alcohol prenatally. Neurobehav Toxicol. 1980; 2: 107-15.
10. Cotran R, Kumar V, Collins T, Robbins S. Robbins pathologic basis of disease: WB Saunders Company; 1999.
11. Boé D, Nelson S, Zhang P, Bagby G. Acute ethanol intoxication suppresses lung chemokine production following infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Infect Dis. 2001; 184: 1134-42. [DOI:10.1086/323661] [PMID]
12. Badylak S. The extracellular matrix as a scaffold for tissue reconstruction. 2002: Elsevier. [DOI:10.1016/S1084952102000940] [PMID]
13. A J NS, K SA. A study on histology of fetal liver. Nat J Clin Anatom. 2015; 4: 29.
14. Reif S, Terranova V, El-Bendary M, Lebenthal E, Petell J. Modulation of extracellular matrix proteins in rat liver during development. Hepatology. 1990; 12: 519-25. [DOI:10.1002/hep.1840120312] [PMID]
15. Akay MT, Koçkaya EA. The determination of immunolocalization of ECM components and growth factors in placentas of pregnant rats treated with alcohol. Ankara: TUBITAK, 2002.
16. Bielawski D, Abel E. Acute treatment of paternal alcohol exposure produces malformations in offspring. Alcohol. 1997; 14: 397-401. [DOI:10.1016/S0741-8329(97)87951-7]
17. Sakhuja P. Pathology of alcoholic liver disease, can it be differentiated from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis? World J Gastroenterol. 2014; 20: 16474-9. [DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i44.16474] [PMID] [PMCID]
18. Das S, Vasudevan D. Biochemical diagnosis of alcoholism. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2005; 20: 35-42. [DOI:10.1007/BF02893039] [PMID] [PMCID]
19. Dinu V, Zamfir O. Oxidative stress in ethanol intoxicated rats. Revue roumaine de physiologie (Bucharest, Romania: 1990). 28: 63.
20. Fernández-Checa J, Kaplowitz N, Colell A, García-Ruiz C. Oxidative stress and alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Health Res W. 1997; 21: 321-4.
21. Husain K, Scott B, Reddy S, Somani S. Chronic ethanol and nicotine interaction on rat tissue antioxidant defense system. Alcohol. 2001; 25: 89-97. [DOI:10.1016/S0741-8329(01)00176-8]
22. Oh S, Kim C, Chun H. Chronic ethanol consumption affects glutathione status in rat liver. J Nutrition. 1998; 128: 758-61. [DOI:10.1093/jn/128.4.758] [PMID]
23. Bataller BGaR. Alcoholic liver disease: pathogenesis and new therapeutic targets. Gastroenterology. 2011; 141: 1572-85. [DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.09.002] [PMID] [PMCID]
24. Gores HMaGJ. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver injury. Gastroenterology. 2008; 134: 1641-54. [DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.03.002] [PMID] [PMCID]
25. Ono MY Bi, Hardison E, Mastrangelo M, Tweardy D. Increased susceptibility to liver injury after hemorrhagic shock in rats chronically fed ethanol: role of nuclear factor-κb, interleukin-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. shock. 2004; 21: 519-25. [DOI:10.1097/01.shk.0000126905.75237.07] [PMID]
26. Keegan A MR, Batey R. Ethanol-related liver injury in the rat: a model of steatosis, inflammation and pericentral fibrosis. J Hepatol. 1995; 23: 591-600. [DOI:10.1016/0168-8278(95)80067-0]
27. Claire Coles PD. Critical periods for prenatal alcohol exposure. Alcohol Health & Research World. 1994; 18: 22-29.
28. Elizabeth Brandon-Warner PD, Laura W, Schrum C, Schmidt M, Iain H. Rodent models of alcoholic liver disease: of mice and men. alcohol : 2012; 46: 715-25. [DOI:10.1016/j.alcohol.2012.08.004] [PMID] [PMCID]
29. Brandon Warner BS, Walling L, Laura W, Lain H. Chronic ethanol feeding accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma progression in a sex-dependent manner in a mouse model of hepatocarcinogesis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012;36:641-53. [DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01660.x] [PMID] [PMCID]
30. Brandon-Warner BS, Tracy L. Walling BS, Laura W, et al. Chronic ethanol feeding accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma progression in a sex-dependent manner in a mouse model of hepatocarcinogesis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012; 36: 641-53. [DOI:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01660.x] [PMID] [PMCID]
31. Bertrand J FL, Weber MK. Guidelines for identifying and referring persons with fetal alcohol syndrome. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005;1-14.
32. Hoyme HE MP, Kalberg WO, et al. A practical clinical approach to diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: clarification of the 1996 institute of medicine criteria. Pediatrics. 2005: 39-47. [DOI:10.1542/peds.2005-0702]
33. Sokol RJ D-BV, Nordstrom B. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. JAMA. 2003: 2996-9. [DOI:10.1001/jama.290.22.2996] [PMID]
34. AK R. Effects of maternal ethanol consumption on hepatic lipid biosynthesis in foetal and neonatal rats. J Biochem. 1978; 174: 213-9. [DOI:10.1042/bj1740213] [PMID] [PMCID]
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2025 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb