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Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are a major health problem. Due to adverse effects of medicines this study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of Bunium Persicum (B.P) on Hymenolepis nana in comparison with niclosomide in albino mice in Ahvaz in 1996. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study at in vitro stage the effect of different concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of BP and niclosamide was investigated on the small intestine of infected mice and the mean death time of worms in different concentrations was calculated. In control group saline normal was applied instead of extract or medicine. At in vivo stage concentrations of 7.83 and 11.75 mg/ml extract and 10 mg/ml of niclosamide were used in 30 worm infected mice daily for one weak at the dose of 0.3 ml. 30 mice of control group were fed on saline normal. After a week of treatment the mice were dissected and their intestinal content was examined for possible infection. Another group with the same number was treated and examined by extract, niclosamide and saline normal for two weeks as before. The data were analyzed by Z test. Results: At in vitro stage there was no significant difference between mean death time of worms in 7.83mg/ml (0/2.8 minutes) and 10 mg/ml niclosomide (12.5 minutes). The worms in control group survived less than 24 hours in normal saline. At in vivo stage extract (7.83 mg/ml) and niclosamide (10 mg/ml) after a week of treatment caused recovery of 60% and 73.3% respectively. Following 2 weeks of treatment they caused recovery of 66.6% and 90% respectively. Dose of 11.75 mg/ml extract caused recovery of 70% and 83.3% respectively. Effect of two-week treatment of high extract concentration (11.75 mg/ml) had no significant difference compared with niclosomide. Conclusion: Therapeutic effect of extract (7.83 mg/ml) during one or two weeks had no considerable difference. Increase of extract concentration caused more effective treatment and similar to that of niclosomide.

Keywords: KEY WORDS: Hymenolepis nana, Bunium Persicum, Niclosamide, Yazd, Iran