Volume 29, Issue 134 (May & June 2021)                   J Adv Med Biomed Res 2021, 29(134): 145-151 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Barzegari E, Pasdar Y, Hamzeh B, Darabi M, Moradinazar M, Najafi F. Factors Associated with Thyroid Dysfunction in Hypothyroidism-Endemic Region of Ravansar, 2017-2018: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. J Adv Med Biomed Res 2021; 29 (134) :145-151
URL: http://journal.zums.ac.ir/article-1-6101-en.html
1- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
2- Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3- Environmental Determinants of Health Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5- Dept. of Public Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
6- Environmental Determinants of Health Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran , fnajafi@kums.ac.ir
Abstract:   (135317 Views)

   Background & Objective: Hypothyroidism is a prevalent condition in various regions all over the world, including Iran. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with thyroid dysfunctions in Ravansar area, Kermanshah province. Due to hypo and hyperthyroidism diversity and pathogeneses complexity, machine learning was also integrated; it is as an accurate and potent method for the dimensionality reduction to realize the study objective.
 Materials & Methods: In this study, 10069 individuals participated from Ravansar area. Data were taken from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study, which is a part of national PERSIAN cohort. Feature selection was done using random forests machine learning tool. The two thyroid diseases correlation was explored through conventional statistical procedures.
 Results:  Female sex was the most significant risk factor for hypothyroidism (OR=6.24, CI: 4.13-9.63; P<0.001). Depression (OR=2.07, CI: 1.34-3.09; P<0.001), age group of 45-55 years (OR=1.56, CI: 1.18-2.07; P<0.01), daily salt consumption of >10 gr (OR=1.87, CI: 1.15-2.90; P<0.01), kidney stone (OR=1.35, CI: 1.02-1.78; P<0.05) and unsaturated fats intake (OR=1.01, CI: 1.00-1.02; P<0.05) were significantly associated with underactive thyroid condition. No significant associated factor was found for hyperthyroidism.
 Conclusion:  Female sex is a global well-established hypothyroidism-associated factor. The results of the present study suggest taking some measures to reduce hypothyroidism, by addressing the intervening factors.

 
 
Full-Text [PDF 439 kb]   (149977 Downloads) |   |   Full-Text (HTML)  (2637 Views)  

✅ Female sex is a global well-established hypothyroidism-associated factor. The results of the present study suggest taking some measures to reduce hypothyroidism, by addressing the intervening factors.


Type of Study: Original Research Article | Subject: Epidemiologic Studies
Received: 2020/07/3 | Accepted: 2020/12/20 | Published: 2020/12/30

References
1. Taylor PN, Albrecht D, Scholz A, et al. Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Nature Rev Endocrinol. 2018;14(5):301-16. [DOI:10.1038/nrendo.2018.18]
2. Dunn D, Turner C. Hypothyroidism in women. Nurs Womens Health. 2016;20(1):93-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.nwh.2015.12.002]
3. Leung AM, Braverman LE. Consequences of excess iodine. Nature Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(3):136-42. [DOI:10.1038/nrendo.2013.251]
4. Stanbury JB, Ermans AE, Bourdoux P, et al. Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism: occurrence and epidemiology. Thyroid. 1998;8(1):83-100. [DOI:10.1089/thy.1998.8.83]
5. Duntas LH, Maillis A. Hypothyroidism and depression: salient aspects of pathogenesis and management. Minerva Endocrinol. 2013;38(4):365-77.
6. Basu G, Mohapatra A. Interactions between thyroid disorders and kidney disease. India J Endocrinol Metab. 2012;16(2):204-13. [DOI:10.4103/2230-8210.93737]
7. Zhao M, Tang X, Yang T, et al. Lipotoxicity, a potential risk factor for the increasing prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(5):1887-94. [DOI:10.1210/jc.2014-3987]
8. Shao F, Gao C, Wei L, et al. Prevalence, related lifestyle and metabolic risk factors of hypothyroidism in adults: across-sectional study in Gansu province, Northwestern China. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2017;10(7):10890-7.
9. Benvenga S, Vita R, Di Bari F, Granese R, Metro D, Le Donne M. Stable consumption of swordfish favors, whereas stable consumption of oily fish protects from, development of postpartum thyroiditis. Endocrine. 2019;65(1):94-101. [DOI:10.1007/s12020-019-01882-4]
10. Tanriverdi A, Ozcan Kahraman B, Ozsoy I, et al. Physical activity in women with subclinical hypothyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest. 2019;42(7):779-85. [DOI:10.1007/s40618-018-0981-2]
11. Masaki M, Koide K, Goda A, Miyazaki A, Masuyama T, Koshiba M. Effect of acute aerobic exercise on arterial stiffness and thyroid-stimulating hormone in subclinical hypothyroidism. Heart Vessel. 2019. Epub 2019/02/07.
12. Alimohamadi Y, Taghdir M, Sepandi M. Statistical data analysis of the risk factors of neonatal congenital hypothyroidism in Khuzestan province, Iran. Data Brief. 2018;21:2510-4. [DOI:10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.113]
13. Hotzy F, Theodoridou A, Hoff P, et al. Machine learning: An approach in identifying risk factors for coercion compared to binary logistic regression. Front Psychiatr. 2018;9:258. [DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00258]
14. Breiman L. Random Forests. Machine Learning. 2001;45(1):5-32. [DOI:10.1023/A:1010933404324]
15. Torgo L. Data Mining using R: learning with case studies, Second Edition. 2 ed: Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2017
16. Robin X, Turck N, Hainard A, et al. pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves. BMC Bioinformatics. 2011;12:77. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2105-12-77]
17. van Buuren S, Groothuis-Oudshoorn K. mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations inR. J Stat Soft. 2011;45(3):1-67. [DOI:10.18637/jss.v045.i03]
18. Dayan CM, Panicker V. Hypothyroidism and depression. Europ Thyroid J. 2013;2(3):168-79. Epub 2014/05/23. [DOI:10.1159/000353777]
19. Garber JR, Cobin RH, Gharib H, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults: cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association. Endocr Pract. 2012;18(6):988-1028. [DOI:10.4158/EP12280.GL]
20. Aoki Y, Belin RM, Clickner R, Jeffries R, Phillips L, Mahaffey KR. Serum TSH and total T4 in the United States population and their association with participant characteristics: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2002). Thyroid 2007;17(12):1211-23. [DOI:10.1089/thy.2006.0235]
21. Kasagi K, Takahashi N, Inoue G, Honda T, Kawachi Y, Izumi Y. Thyroid function in Japanese adults as assessed by a general health checkup system in relation with thyroid-related antibodies and other clinical parameters. Thyroid 2009;19(9):937-44. [DOI:10.1089/thy.2009.0205]
22. Sgarbi JA, Matsumura LK, Kasamatsu TS, Ferreira SR, Maciel RM. Subclinical thyroid dysfunctions are independent risk factors for mortality in a 7.5-year follow-up: the Japanese-Brazilian thyroid study. Europ J Endocrinol. 2010;162(3):569-77. [DOI:10.1530/EJE-09-0845]
23. Shamsollahi HR, Nadarloo M, Rastkari N, et al. Monitoring of salt iodisation programme in Iran; Health outcomes, shortages and perspective. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2019;52:6-11. [DOI:10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.11.004]
24. Markou K, Georgopoulos N, Kyriazopoulou V, Vagenakis AG. Iodine-induced hypothyroidism. Thyroid .2001;11(5):501-10. [DOI:10.1089/105072501300176462]
25. Ahmadi F, Etemadi SM, Lessan-Pezeshki M, et al. Contribution of stone size to chronic kidney disease in kidney stone formers. Int J Urology . 2015;22(1):104-8. [DOI:10.1111/iju.12606]
26. Taylor PN, Iqbal A, Minassian C, et al. Falling threshold for treatment of borderline elevated thyrotropin levels-balancing benefits and risks: evidence from a large community-based study. JAMA. 2014;174(1):32-9. [DOI:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.11312]

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2025 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb